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Como en los tiempos de Adam Smith, el Estado favorece a algunas corporaciones a través de regulaciones, impuestos, subsidios y licencias: Para los que no somos estadounidenses es a veces difícil de entender a Donald Trump porque habla y escribe en lo que el filósofo británico Bertrand Russell llamaba "manchitas de color" -- microconceptos que tienen que ser armados como un rompecabezas para con ellos formar una visión de conjunto coherente e inteligible.

For us non-Americans it is sometimes hard to understand Donald Trump because he speaks and writes in what the British philosopher Bertrand Russell called “little patches of color”—micro-facts that must be pieced together to form a meaningful picture. For me, an economist from South America who works around the world making capitalism more inclusive and trying to adapt blockchain technology to that purpose, the picture Mr. Trump seems to be painting is that the American people and economy are being held back by elites who obtain privileges in a corrupt government that is mismanaging globalization and immigration, while failing to contain terrorism.

LIMA – Colombian governments have been fighting the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) for the past 52 years, with no victory in sight. In early October, a razor-thin majority of voters rejected Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos’s proposed peace deal with the guerrillas.Compare Colombia’s experience with that of Peru, which defeated its own guerrilla movement, the Shining Path, in less than a dozen years, from 1980 to 1992, with more than 85% popular support. Peru was able to achieve a lasting peace for two reasons.

LIMA – Colombia ha estado luchando contra el terrorismo de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias (FARC) por los últimos 52 años y, sin embargo, aún no ha ganado la guerra. A principios de octubre la mayoría de los colombianos rechazaron el plan del gobierno del presidente Santos para pacificar el país.El Perú, por su parte, venció al terrorismo de Sendero Luminoso en menos de doce años (de 1980 a 1992) y más del 85% de su población aprobó esta victoria.

LIMA – Nowadays, globalization’s opponents seem increasingly to be drowning out its defenders. If they get their way, the post-World War II international order – which aimed, often successfully, to advance peace and prosperity through exchange and connection – could well collapse. Can globalization be saved? At first glance, the outlook appears grim. Every aspect of globalization – free trade, free movement of capital, and international migration – is under attack. Leading the charge are antagonistic forces – from populist political parties to separatist groups to terrorist organizations – whose actions tend to focus more on what they oppose than on what they support.

LIMA – La des-globalización no está representada solamente por el Brexit o el creciente proteccionismo estadounidense. Es una actitud negativa contra la globalización promovida por diversos movimientos autónomos y antagónicos tales como el anti-universalismo occidental en Eurasia, el anti-federalismo en Europa Oriental, el neo-marxismo tipo Piketty en Europa Occidental, y el terrorismo del Estado Islámico en el Medio Oriente.

Pope Francis’ visit to Mexico last week took an unexpected turn when he singled out Donald Trump, telling reporters that there are people in the U.S. who have no right to be there and anybody who wants to build borders “is not Christian.” The public spat over immigration made news, with Trump saying the U.S. has the right to close its borders and refuse documentation of the 11 million illegal immigrants living in the U.S. To this effect, as Trump said, the Pope just “doesn’t understand” America’s problems.

El Papa Francisco oficiará una misa, este 17 de febrero, en la frontera entre Estados Unidos y México, entre El Paso y Juárez. Seguramente aprovechará la oportunidad para exhortar a que se brinde apoyo a los pobres de México y a aquellos que han emigrado a Estados Unidos.Eso fue lo que hizo en su emotivo discurso del pasado mes de setiembre en el Madison Square Garden de Nueva York, cuando pidió a su auditorio ayudar “a todos aquellos que parecen no tener cabida o que son ciudadanos de segunda clase, porque no tienen derecho a estar allí”, refiriéndose a los 11 millones de inmigrantes indocumentados en EE UU.

LIMA – On February 17, Pope Francis is scheduled to celebrate Mass in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, just south of the border with the United States. He will surely take that opportunity to urge support for the poor in Mexico and for those who have migrated north.After all, that is what he did in September during his moving homily in New York’s Madison Square Garden. Referring to the 11 million undocumented immigrants in the US, he asked his listeners to reach out to “all those people who don’t appear to belong, or are second-class citizens…because they have no right to be there.

Han pasado 14 años desde que el presidente George W. Bush declaró una “guerra global contra el terrorismo”. Hoy, tras gastar 1,6 billones de dólares y matar a 101 cabecillas (desde Osama bin Laden hasta Jihadi John), Occidente sigue siendo tanto o más vulnerable a los extremistas, que pueden reclutar combatientes y golpear casi con total libertad cualquier capital occidental. Ahora otro presidente (el francés François Hollande) también declaró la guerra al terrorismo, como lo han hecho otros líderes europeos. ¿Estará la victoria más cerca? Yo tengo mis dudas.

It’s been 14 years since President George W. Bush declared a “global war on terror.” Today, after spending $1.6 trillion on that war and killing 101 terrorist chieftains, from Osama bin Laden to “Jihadi John,” the West remains just as vulnerable, if not more so, to extremists who can recruit fighters and strike any Western capital virtually at will. Now that another president – François Hollande of France – has also declared war on terror (as have other European leaders), are the prospects for victory really any better? I have my doubts.

Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the 21st Century has attracted worldwide attention not because he crusades against inequality — many of us do that — but because of its central thesis, based on his reading of the 19th and 20th centuries: that capital “mechanically produces arbitrary, unsustainable inequalities” inevitably leading the world to misery, violence and wars and will continue to do so in this century. So far, Piketty’s critics have offered only technical objections to his number crunching without contesting his apocalyptic political thesis, which is clearly wrong. I know this because over the last years my teams conducted research in the field exploring countries where misery, violence and wars are rampant in the 21st century. What we discovered was that most people actually want more rather than less capital, and they want their capital to be real and not fictitious.

Le grand économiste péruvien Hernando de Soto taille en pièces le best-seller de l’essayiste français, “Le Capital au XXIe siècle”.

Par HERNANDO DE SOTO

Avec son best-seller Le Capital au XXIe siècle, Thomas Piketty a attiré l’attention du monde entier: non parce qu’il se bat contre les inégalités –nous sommes nombreux à le faire–, mais en raison de sa thèse centrale, tirée d’une analyse des XIXe et XXe siècles qu’il projette sur le XXIe siècle: le capital “entraîne mécaniquement des inégalités arbitraires et insoutenables” qui conduisent le monde à la misère, à la violence et aux guerres. Cette thèse est fausse, comme le montrent les recherches que j’ai menées avec mes équipes. Nous avons fait ce que ni Thomas Piketty ni personne n’avait accompli: explorer la misère, la violence et les guerres du XXIe siècle. Ce que nous avons découvert contredit Le Capital au XXIe siècle: les gens ne fuient pas le capital et ne se battent pas contre lui, ils le recherchent.

By Hernando de Soto
Oct. 10, 2014

As the U.S. moves into a new theater of the war on terror, it will miss its best chance to beat back Islamic State and other radical groups in the Middle East if it doesn’t deploy a crucial but little-used weapon: an aggressive agenda for economic empowerment. Right now, all we hear about are airstrikes and military maneuvers—which is to be expected when facing down thugs bent on mayhem and destruction.

But if the goal is not only to degrade what President Barack Obama rightly calls Islamic State’s “network of death” but to make it impossible for radical leaders to recruit terrorists in the first place, the West must learn a simple lesson: Economic hope is the only way to win the battle for the constituencies on which terrorist groups feed.

Read about how Peru's poor were successful in defeating the Shining Path terrorism movement. This book was mentioned by ILDs Hernando de Soto in his latest article on Project Syndicate published on Novembr 4th, 2016. Como se menciona en el último artículo de Hernando de Soto, La Disyuntiva Colombiana: Los Terroristas o Sus Ciudadanos, aquí está la historia  de cómo el Perú venció al terrorismo.

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